Definitions

Affect the play
A breach affects the play if it is reasonable to assume that the outcome of the specific play may have been meaningfully different had the breach not occurred.

Attacking end zone
The end zone in which the team in question is currently attempting to score.

Best perspective
The most complete viewpoint available by a player that includes the relative position of the disc, ground, players and line markers involved in the play.

Brick
Any pull that initially lands out-of-bounds, untouched by the receiving team.

Call
A clearly audible statement that a foul, infraction, violation or injury has occurred. The following terms may be used: Foul, Travel, specific name of Marking Infraction, Violation (or specific name of Violation), Stall-Out, Technical and Injury.

Call
A clearly communicated statement that a foul, infraction, violation, turnover, or injury has occurred. The following terms may be used: Foul, Travel, specific name of Marking Infraction, Violation (or specific name of Violation), specific name of turnovers, Technical and Injury.

Catch
A non-spinning disc trapped between at least two body parts. If a player initially catches a pass and then, prior to establishing possession, they do not maintain the catch (‘maintain the catch’ means to continue to have a non-spinning disc trapped between at least two body parts), that initial catch is deemed to have ended.

Central Zone
The area of the playing field including the goal lines but excluding the end zones and the perimeter lines.

Check
Action of a defensive player touching the disc to restart play.

Defending end zone
The end zone in which the team in question is currently attempting to prevent the opposition from scoring.

Defensive player
Any player whose team is not in possession of the disc.

End zone
One of the two areas at the end of the playing field where teams can score a goal by catching the disc there.

Establish a pivot
After a turnover, the pivot point is defined, and the thrower establishes a pivot by placing a part of their body (usually a foot) there. After receiving a pass, a thrower must establish a pivot after they have come to a stop if they wish to then move. They establish the pivot by keeping a part of their body in constant contact with a particular point on the playing field.

Goal line
The line separating the central zone from each end zone. It is not part of the end zone.

Ground
The ground consists of all substantial solid objects, including grass, marker cones, equipment, water, trees, fences, walls and non-players, but excluding all players and their worn clothing, airborne particles and precipitation.

Ground contact
Refers to all player contact with the ground directly related to a specific event or manoeuvre, including landing or recovery after being off-balance (e.g., jumping, diving, leaning, or falling).

Guarding
A defender is guarding an offensive player when they are within three meters of that offensive player and are reacting to that offensive player.

Incidental contact
Any contact which is not dangerous in nature and does not affect the play.

Initiate contact
Any movement towards a legally positioned opponent (either their stationary position, or their expected position based on their established speed and direction), that results in unavoidable non-incidental contact.

Interception
When a player on the defensive team catches a throw by a player on the offensive team.

Legitimate position
The stationary position established by a players body excluding extended arms and legs that can be avoided by all opposing players when time and distance are taken into account.

Legitimate position
The stationary or moving position established by a player that is not in breach of any rules.

Line
A boundary defining the playing areas. On an unlined field, the boundary is defined as an imaginary line between two field markers with the thickness of said markers. Line segments are not extrapolated beyond the defining markers.

Making a play on the disc
When the disc is in the air and a player is attempting to make contact with the disc in any way e.g. to catch it or block it. This includes the process of running towards the place they expect to make contact with the disc.

Marker
The defensive player who may call the stall count on the thrower.

Minor Contact
Contact that involves minimal physical force and does not alter the movements or position of another player. Contact with an opponent’s extended arms or hands that are about to, or already are, contacting the disc, or contact to the throwers hand during the throwing motion, is not considered to be minor contact.

Non-player
Any person, including a team member, who is not currently a player.

Offensive player
A player whose team is in possession of the disc.

Out-of-bounds (OB)
Everything that is not part of the playing field, including the perimeter lines.

Perimeter lines
Lines separating the central zone or end zone from the out-of-bounds area. They are not part of the playing field.

Pivot
To move in any direction while keeping a part of the body in contact with a single point on the playing field, called the pivot point.

Pivot
When the thrower moves in any direction while keeping one part of their body in constant contact with a specific point on the ground called the pivot point. A player establishes a pivot point by placing, or keeping, a particular part of their body at a specific point, which they intend to use as their pivot point. If a thrower has multiple options for a pivot point, the pivot point is not determined until they pivot.

Pivot Location
The point on the playing field where the thrower is required to establish a pivot point after a turnover, after the pull, after a time-out, after leaving the central zone, or where a pivot point has already been established.

Pivot point
The point on the playing field where the thrower is required to establish a pivot after a turnover, after the pull, after a time-out, after leaving the central zone, or where a pivot has already been established. A thrower may not have established a pivot point if they have not come to a stop and have not pivoted.

Play
The time after the Pull has commenced and prior to the scoring of a goal. Play may further stop due to a call, in which case play is restarted with a check.

Player
One of the up to fourteen (14) persons who are actually participating in the current point of play.

Player
The people who are actually participating in the current point of play.

Playing Field
The area including the central zone and the end zones, but excluding the perimeter lines.

Possession of the disc
Sustained contact with, and control of, a non-spinning disc. To catch a pass is equivalent to establishing possession of that pass. Loss of possession due to ground contact related to a pass reception negates that player's possession up to that point. A disc in the possession of a player is considered part of that player. The team whose player is in possession or whose players may pick up the disc is considered the team in possession.

Possession of the disc
A player establishes possession of a pass when: - they catch a pass and then they maintain that catch for more than one noticeable instant, and - they maintain the catch throughout all ground contact related to the catch, or until they throw the disc A player can also establish possession when a disc that has already hit the ground is picked up, or is given to them, after a turnover, pull, or stoppage. Once a player has established possession, they may change their grip on the disc and that does not affect their possession, as long as they maintain contact with the disc. A disc in the possession of a player, or caught by a player, is considered part of that player. The team whose player is in possession or whose players may pick up the disc is considered the team in possession.

Pre-stall
A warning regarding time limits to resume play, issued by giving warnings at twenty (20), ten (10), and five (5) seconds (as applicable).

Pull
The throw from one team to the other that starts play at the beginning of a half or after a goal. The pull is not considered a legal pass.

Pull
The throw by the defence to the offence that starts play at the beginning of a half or after a goal. The pull is not considered a legal pass.

Receivers
All offensive players other than the thrower.

Stoppage of play
Any halting of play due to a foul, violation, discussion, injury or time-out that requires a check to restart play.

Stoppage of play
Any halting of play due to a foul, violation, discussion, contested call, injury or time-out, that requires a check to restart play.

Throw
A disc in flight following any throwing motion, including after a fake attempt and an intentionally dropped disc, that results in loss of contact between the thrower and the disc. A pass is the equivalent of a throw.

Thrower
The offensive player in possession of the disc, or the player who has just thrown the disc prior to when the result of the throw has been determined.

Throwing motion
The throwing motion is the motion that transfers momentum from the thrower to the disc in the direction of flight and results in a throw. Pivots and wind-ups are not part of the act of throwing.

Turnover
Any event resulting in a change of the team in possession. A turnover is not considered a violation.

Where the disc stops
Refers to the location where a disc is caught, comes to rest naturally, or where it is stopped from rolling or sliding.

Where the disc stops
Refers to the location where a player establishes possession, the disc comes to rest naturally, or where the disc is stopped from rolling or sliding.